Revisiting the empirical particle?fluid coupling model used in DEM?CFD by high?resolution DEM?LBM?IMB simulations: A 2D perspective

The work investigates the applicability of unresolved Computational Fluid Dynamics and Discrete Element Method (CFDDEM) technique based on empirical equations for fluid-particle coupling. We first carry out a series representative volume element simulations using high-resolution particle-resolved Lattice Boltzmann method (LBMDEM) coupled by an Immersed Moving Boundary (IMB) scheme. Then, we compare results obtained both LBMDEM used in CFDDEM with analytical solutions. It is found that existing solving interactions 2D fail to accurately calculate hydrodynamic force applied solid particles. underlying reason models are 3D experimental thus not applicable problems. Based simulation results, new drag coefficient model then proposed. estimated forces compared favourably simulated ones, indicating good performance proposed model.